n8n before 2.30.1 and 2.29.8 assigns all Public API key scopes to JWTs issued through the Token Exchange module regardless of the acting user's role. On instances where the Token Exchange feature and Public API are enabled, a low-privileged user who can obtain a valid external JWT trusted by a configured issuer can use the resulting access token to invoke administrator-only Public API operations such as role escalation, user creation, and user deletion (role escalation requires an Advanced Permissions license), and, when unverified Community Package installation is enabled, achieve remote code execution.

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required Low

Attack Requirements Present

User Interaction None

Vulnerable System Confidentiality Impact High

Vulnerable System Integrity Impact High

Vulnerable System Availability Impact High

Subsequent System Confidentiality Impact High

Subsequent System Integrity Impact Low

Subsequent System Availability Impact Low

No CVSS v3.1

No CVSS v3.0

No CVSS v2

This CVE is not in the KEV list.

The EPSS score is 0.0058.

Exploitation none

Automatable no

Technical Impact total

Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).

Vendor Product Default status Versions
n8n-io n8n unaffected
Version Status Constraints
0 affected < 2.30.1
2.30.1 unaffected —
n8n-io n8n unaffected
Version Status Constraints
0 affected < 2.29.8
2.29.8 unaffected —

No data.

No data.

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No data.

Project Subscriptions

Vendors Products
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Advisories
Source ID Title
Github GHSA Github GHSA GHSA-777w-rpr6-c52h n8n: Privilege Escalation and Code Execution via Full Public API Key Scope Assignment to Token Exchange JWTs
Fixes

Solution

No solution given by the vendor.

Workaround

No workaround given by the vendor.

References
Link Providers
https://github.com/n8n-io/n8n/security/advisories/GHSA-777w-rpr6-c52h cve-icon
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/n8n-before-privilege-escalation-via-token-exchange cve-icon
History

Thu, 23 Jul 2026 15:30:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Metrics ssvc

{'options': {'Automatable': 'no', 'Exploitation': 'none', 'Technical Impact': 'total'}, 'version': '2.0.3'}

Wed, 22 Jul 2026 11:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description n8n before 2.30.1 and 2.29.8 assigns all Public API key scopes to JWTs issued through the Token Exchange module regardless of the acting user's role. On instances where the Token Exchange feature and Public API are enabled, a low-privileged user who can obtain a valid external JWT trusted by a configured issuer can use the resulting access token to invoke administrator-only Public API operations such as role escalation, user creation, and user deletion (role escalation requires an Advanced Permissions license), and, when unverified Community Package installation is enabled, achieve remote code execution.
Title n8n before 2.30.1 Privilege Escalation via Token Exchange
First Time appeared N8n
N8n n8n
Weaknesses CWE-269
CPEs cpe:2.3:a:n8n:n8n:*:*:*:*:*:node.js:*:*
Vendors & Products N8n
N8n n8n
References
Metrics cvssV4_0

{'score': 8.9, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:P/PR:L/UI:N/VC:H/VI:H/VA:H/SC:H/SI:L/SA:L'}

Projects

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cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: VulnCheck

Published:

Updated: 2026-07-23T13:51:44.965Z

Reserved: 2026-07-22T10:45:44.832Z

Link: CVE-2026-65595

cve-icon Vulnrichment

Updated: 2026-07-23T13:51:40.882Z

cve-icon NVD

No data.

cve-icon Redhat

No data.

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-07-23T19:00:17Z

Weaknesses