SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted.

Attack Vector Network

Attack Complexity Low

Privileges Required Low

Attack Requirements None

User Interaction None

Vulnerable System Confidentiality Impact None

Vulnerable System Integrity Impact None

Vulnerable System Availability Impact High

Subsequent System Confidentiality Impact None

Subsequent System Integrity Impact None

Subsequent System Availability Impact None

No CVSS v3.1

No CVSS v3.0

No CVSS v2

This CVE is not in the KEV list.

The EPSS score is 0.00287.

Key SSVC decision points have not yet been added.

Default status is the baseline for the product, each version can override it (e.g. patched versions marked unaffected).

Vendor Product Default status Versions
surrealdb surrealdb unaffected
Version Status Constraints
0 affected < 2.2.2
2.2.2 unaffected —
surrealdb surrealdb unaffected
Version Status Constraints
0 affected < 2.1.5
2.1.5 unaffected —
surrealdb surrealdb unaffected
Version Status Constraints
0 affected < 2.0.5
2.0.5 unaffected —

No data.

No data.

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Advisories

No advisories yet.

Fixes

Solution

No solution given by the vendor.

Workaround

No workaround given by the vendor.

References
Link Providers
https://github.com/surrealdb/surrealdb/security/advisories/GHSA-pxw4-94j3-v9pf cve-icon
https://www.vulncheck.com/advisories/surrealdb-before-cpu-exhaustion-via-nested-for-loops cve-icon
History

Thu, 23 Jul 2026 21:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
First Time appeared Surrealdb
Surrealdb surrealdb
Vendors & Products Surrealdb
Surrealdb surrealdb

Sat, 18 Jul 2026 13:45:00 +0000

Type Values Removed Values Added
Description SurrealDB before 2.0.5, 2.1.x before 2.1.5, and 2.2.x before 2.2.2 allows authenticated users with OWNER or EDITOR permissions (at the root, namespace, or database level) to define custom database functions via DEFINE FUNCTION using nested FOR loops. Although a single loop's iteration count is constrained, nesting multiple loops (e.g., each with 1,000,000 iterations) is not, so an attacker can execute a function that consumes all server CPU time. Configured timeouts do not stop the execution, rendering the server unresponsive to other queries and connections until it is manually restarted.
Title SurrealDB before 2.2.2 CPU Exhaustion via nested FOR loops
Weaknesses CWE-835
References
Metrics cvssV4_0

{'score': 7.1, 'vector': 'CVSS:4.0/AV:N/AC:L/AT:N/PR:L/UI:N/VC:N/VI:N/VA:H/SC:N/SI:N/SA:N'}

Projects

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cve-icon MITRE

Status: PUBLISHED

Assigner: VulnCheck

Published:

Updated: 2026-07-20T15:12:51.105Z

Reserved: 2026-07-16T12:14:41.770Z

Link: CVE-2025-71397

cve-icon Vulnrichment

No data.

cve-icon NVD

No data.

cve-icon Redhat

No data.

cve-icon OpenCVE Enrichment

Updated: 2026-07-23T21:28:27Z

Weaknesses